DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A MICRO - CONTROLLER BASED AUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM

Abstract

Despite many building s have fire fighting systems installed in them; many people are still losing their lives and properties due to fire accidents . In this research, an automatic cost effective device for the detection and control of fire has been designed and constructed. The system has an additional f eature of sending signal to a pump/ sprinkl er through a relay. It is made up of two senso rs, microcontroller , buzzer and a controlled fire fighting equipment (pump/sprinkler) . LM 35 IC has been used as temperature sensor while MQ - 2 gas sensor has been used as smoke sensor. All sensors are connected to the microcontroller through an input/output port. The controlling software for the whole system was designed in C programming language. The popular high performance, low power 8 - bit microcontroller from the AVR family microcontrollers was used. The sys tem was finally tested by introducing fire parameters (smoke and temperature) close to the detectors. When the parameters go above the set level in the detectors, audio alarm, LED indicator and pump/sprinkler were activated. The measured temperature of the system was compared with the reference temperature. The result showed that there was a mean deviation of 1.550C between the measured values and reference values which served as the control.